SPP1 and congenital bilateral aplasia of vas deferens from CFTR mutation: Increased SPP1 mRNA expression and plasma osteopontin levels have been linked with cardiac allograft vascular disease (CAVD) (Rajamannan et al., 2003; Yu et al., 2009), whereas it has been reported to have inhibitory effects on arterial calcification (Wada et al., 1999; Speer et al., 2002).