We first evaluated mRNA levels for the cytokines and found that in the STZ/STZ-CTL group, mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and MCP1 increased to 248%, 179%, and 187%, respectively, compared to the CTL/CTL-HSC group, and the STZ/CTL-HSC group either partly (for IL-1β) or completely (for IL-6 and MCP1) reversed the maternal diabetes-induced effect, while CTL/STZ-HSC group mimicked this effect (see Figure 4A). This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and diabetes mellitus.