The pathogenic NLRP3 activity in CF may be reduced using the IL-1 antagonist receptor Anakinra, that by blocking the biological IL-1α and IL-1β activity ameliorated tissue damage and inflammation against P. aeruginosa in CF, with positive repercussion also on autophagy and neutrophils infiltration (Iannitti et al., 2016). Here, IL1A is linked to cystic fibrosis.