IGHE and allergic disease: Children with positive SPT were more likely than SPT-negative children to report having a father [1.36 (1.02–1.81)] and/or a mother with tertiary education [1.72 (1.29–2.30)]; a father’s [1.41 (1.06– 1.87)] and mother’s history of allergic disease [1.28 (1.00–1.63)]; residing in the city at birth [1.83 (1.17–2.86)]; the highest reported frequency of ‘trucks passing on the street near their home’ currently [2.26 (1.45–3.55)]; and were more likely to have elevated FENO [4.38 (3.29–5.82)], allergen-specific [25.91 (10.53–63.80)] and total IgE (Table 6).