Therefore, the sustained upregulation of CCL2 for up to 28 days of the post-stroke delayed phase following CCL2-overexpressing hUC-MSCs transplantation might contribute to neurological recovery via CCL2/CCR2-dependent microglia/macrophage status based on the dominant pro-inflammatory phenotype observed in the acute phase versus the dominant anti-inflammatory phenotype in delayed phase after stroke [24,46]. The gene discussed is CCR2; the disease is Stroke.