Three studies [43,44,45] demonstrated that insulin responses were lower in T2DM patients (iAUC range, 4.09 to 13.17 μU/mL/min) compared to healthy individuals (iAUC range, 21.84 to 31.25 μU/mL/min) during intravenous arginine infusion. This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus.