In a study in Haiti, we measured the plasma levels of sFLT1 and PlGF among women with PE and found that women with adverse outcomes (placental abruption, respiratory complications, stroke, renal insufficiency, eclampsia, maternal death, birthweight of <2500 g, or fetal or neonatal death) had a markedly elevated sFLT1-to-PlGF ratio regardless of the gestational age of presentation.147. This evidence concerns the gene PGF and placental abruption.