Significant increase in cleaved caspase-3 levels following exposure to ALS–CSF (P < 0.05) and ALS–FTD–CSF (P < 0.01) compared to control. Significant decrease in Bcl-2 levels following exposure to ALS–FTD–CSF compared to both ALS–CSF and control (P < 0.05). Here, CASP3 is linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.