The magnitude of these associations is consistent with results from pooled analyses comparing women with the highest and lowest biomarker concentrations [2]; a pooled analysis of 17 prospective studies indicated a strong positive association between IGF-1 and breast cancer (p trend < 0.0001), with an OR of 1.28 (1.14–1.44) for women in the highest IGF-1 quintile [2]. This evidence concerns the gene IGF1 and breast carcinoma.