AKT1 and glioblastoma: In fact, curcumin modulates the core-signaling pathways of GBM neurobiology, including the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), activator protein-1 (AP-1), Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT), TP53, and RB, as well as mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinases/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) and ATG pathways [44] (Figure 1).