A novel finding of the present study is the identification of tRF-5003b and tRF-3021a as potential regulators of important translation factors, like EIF6, PABPC1, WARS which have been previously associated with cancer progression and ARAF which is an important serine/threonine kinase member of the tumor promoting MAPK cascade [48,59,60,61]. The gene discussed is PABPC1; the disease is cancer.