PIGF and neoplasm: Finally, the cytokine/chemokine profiling to explore plasmatic pro-inflammatory markers (interleukine (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα (tumor necrosis factor-α)) and angiogenic factors (Vascular Endothelial Growth factors: VEGF-A, VEGF-C and VEGF-D, Tie-2, sFLT-1 (VEGF receptor 1), PIGF (Placental Growth Factor), and bFGF (Fibroblast Growth Factor)) was able to evidence only a preliminary statistical link between VEGF-D and tumor response groups (p = 0.02, Figure 6).