INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: As compared with age-matched control Tsumura, Suzuki, Non-Obese (TSNO) mice, TSOD mice are characterized by hyperphagia, hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, and hyperleptinemia, and they develop T2DM before 4 months of age, associated with increase of body weight, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and hyperglycemia [6].