TNF release may be an important link between CMV-specific CX3CR1+ T cells and CVD: we have shown that TCR-activated CX3CR1+ CD8 T cells can induce the procoagulant tissue factor (TF) on the surface of monocytes in a TNF-dependent manner [96], and TF-expressing monocytes have been shown to promote coagulopathy in a non-human primate model of HIV infection [97]. This evidence concerns the gene CX3CR1 and HIV infectious disease.