Even though the potential roles of MAPK4 in other immune cells such as neutrophils and T cells remain largely unknown, given the fact that the important role of interactions among macrophages and other immune cells, such as neutrophils and T cells, in the pathology of ALI, therefore, successive works on the potential roles of MAPK4 in the biological function of these immune cells might be much valuable for the illustration of the role of MAPK4 in ALI and will be helpful for the development of MAPK4-based targeting therapy for ALI. Here, MAPK4 is linked to acute respiratory distress syndrome.