We observed CD3+ pan T cells (66.3%), CD4+ helper T cells (47.4%), CD20+ B cells (41.1%), and CD68+ macrophages (75.8%) in a prevalent population of cervical tumours, whereas CD8+ cytotoxic T cells (32.6%), CD56+ NK cells (30.5%), PD-1 (15.8%), and PD-L1 (31.6%) signals were restricted to a smaller fraction of cancer patients (Fig. 1a). Here, CD68 is linked to cancer.