With respect to transcriptome analyses, PDHA1 mRNA levels are significantly decreased during spontaneous kidney disease progression in Col4a3−/− mice51 and mRNA levels are inversely associated with eGFR in patients with diabetic or IgA nephropathy in human CKD (Nephroseq v5, University of Michigan, Ann Arbour, MI, USA). Here, PDHA1 is linked to chronic kidney disease.