WNT3 and cancer: Therefore, p53 may play both negative and positive roles in the regulation of WNT/β-catenin signaling in the intact status; however, upon 5-FU treatment, p53 activates the WNT/β-catenin pathway via induction of WNT3, rendering p53 as a two-faced regulator exerting anti-cancer and CSC-activating roles.