In line with this, database analysis26,27 (https://www.cbioportal.org/, https://reactome.org/) of Keap1 mRNA in HNSCC (TCGA, PanCancer Atlas) demonstrated a positive correlation with ATG4B and ATG4D, as well as a negative correlation with ATG12 (Suppl. Here, ATG12 is linked to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.