Further analysis of the GEO data set GSE3307 [44,45] showed significant increases in the expression levels of ADNP in the vastus lateralis of other muscle pathologies including Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD, DMD mutations), dysferlin mutation (DYSF) [63], fukutin-related protein (FKRP) mutation [64] and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), compared with matched healthy controls (Figure 2E,F). Here, DMD is linked to Becker muscular dystrophy.