Some researchers opine that NHL and myelodysplasia are not connected with each other and that the simultaneous occurrence of these pathologies is accidental; however, there now are three hypothesis seeking to explain this simultaneous occurrence: (1) pluripotent stem cells being a common origin, (2) patients’ specific immune status and (3) an increased level of cytokines and endothelial vascular growth factor (VEGF). This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.