Utilizing this route of delivery enabled the induction of antigen-specific polyfunctional CD4 and CD8 T cells, expressing interferon gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin 2 (IL-2), all of which are associated with TB and HIV coinfection, thus potentiating the use of this vaccine in the coinfected cohort (Fig. 3). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and tuberculosis.