Following a 24 hour incubation of SARS-CoV2, human airway cells showed upregulation of ACE2, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), fibronectin (FN), and transforming growth factor ß (TGF-ß), a molecular signature highly similar to that of patients with diagnosed pulmonary fibrosis (Xuet al., 2020a). Here, FN1 is linked to pulmonary fibrosis.