Most of all, the present results have implied that preischemic fortified (low dose) SAC is able to electrophysiologically and histopathologically protect against retinal ischemia, via downregulating the ischemia-induced Wnt3a protein overexpression and consequently reducing levels of ischemia-associated HIF-1α and VEGF protein upregulation. Here, VEGFA is linked to retinal ischemia.