To prevent this, MutT homolog 1 (MTH1) hydrolyzes oxidized dNTPs (e.g. 8-oxo-dGTP, 2-OH-dATP, and 8-oxo-dATP) (Fig. 1a), and is a target for cancer therapy since cancer cells are thought to have higher levels of oxidized dNTPs and are more sensitive to MTH1 inhibition10,11. This evidence concerns the gene NUDT1 and cancer.