In KB oral cancer cells, the pro-apoptotic activity of β-caryophyllene is also associated with anti-inflammatory effects, which are likely due to a suppression of NF-kB signaling (Figure 7) and a lowered expression of inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis farctor-α or TNF-α, iNOS, COX-2 and interleukin-6 or IL-6) [155]. This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and lip and oral cavity carcinoma.