APOE and atherosclerosis: In ApoE−/− mice, FGF-21 treatment was described to mitigate atherosclerosis through the inhibition of NLRP3, the inhibition of factor-associated suicide (FAS) signalling, the reduction of cholesterol accumulation through the promotion of autophagy and by suppressing hepatic cholesterol synthesis, increasing adiponectin production by adipocytes, and attenuating endoplasmic-reticulum-stress-induced apoptosis [329,330,331,332,333].