The joint American Society of Clinical Oncology/American Society of Haematology (ASCO/ASH) guidelines recommend an erythropoiesis stimulating agent (ESA) such as recombinant erythropoietin (EPO) or darbopoeitin (DPO) for chemotherapy-induced anemia on treatment where hemoglobin (Hb) < 10 g/dL. The gene discussed is EPO; the disease is anemia.