EPAS1 and colonic neoplasm: In particular, in colon cancer associated with a chronic colitis model, it was demonstrated that an increase in HIF-1 expression in intestinal epithelial cells does not lead to the formation of tumors or further cancer progression, but HIF-2-mediated inflammation contributes to the development of colon tumors, and HIF-2α activation in acute colitis causes severe inflammation [73,74].