As shown in S9 Fig, while the DNA-virion successfully infected HepG2-NTCP cells as evidenced by HBc immunofluorescence and HBeAg ELISA, the naked capsids, without viral envelope for NTCP binding, failed to establish infection; Consistent with a previous report [26], the 3TC-arrested RNA-virion was noninfectious due to the irreversible DNA chain termination activity of the incorporated nucleotide analogue. Here, KRT88P is linked to infection.