The regulation of HIF1α is primarily post-translational; as a result, even though the HIF1A transcript is lesser than that of normal kidney tissue (13.4% reduction in log2(TPM + 1) units in tumor vs normal, TCGA KIRC), HIF1α protein expression has been consistently shown to be higher than normal kidney28,31,32, a feature not consistent with a tumor suppressor. Here, HIF1A is linked to neoplasm.