Indeed, in the most recently closed Preterm Erythropoietin Neuroprotection Trial (PENUT) for assessing the safety and efficacy of early high-dose erythropoietin for neuroprotection in extremely preterm infants, they found that in contrast to previous meta-analyses, treatment with rhEPO did not result in a higher rate or greater severity of retinopathy of prematurity than placebo [32]. The gene discussed is EPO; the disease is retinopathy of prematurity.