IRF1 and gastric cancer: In human haematological malignancies and solid cancers, IRF-1 is inactivated to interrupt apoptotic cell death and cell cycle arrest via genetic alteration, such as loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of gene and exon deletion including acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML), gastric cancer, oesopharyngeal cancer, breast cancer, renal cell carcinoma and stomach cancer [23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30].