In addition to Rab27a, other Rab proteins such as Rab3a, Rab8, and Rab17 are involved in melanosome transport and distribution (Figure 2), including in melanoma cells, playing an important function in the transfer of melanin from melanocyte dendrites to keratinocytes (Araki et al., 2000; Chakraborty et al., 2003; Beaumont et al., 2011) (Table 1). The gene discussed is AGFG1; the disease is melanoma.