TGFB1 and intracerebral hemorrhage: Some genome-wide association studies (GWAS) or whole exome trio sequencing have uncovered various pathogenic gene variants in the TGF-β pathway, which are associated with small vessel ischemic strokes, intracerebral hemorrhages and sporadic brain AVMs (Weinsheimer et al., 2016; Yilmaz et al., 2017; Wang et al., 2018; Chung et al., 2019).