CD4 and Arthritis: We tested the effects of oral treatment with Hsp65-Lac in mBSA-induced arthritis, an acute model of disease and showed a similar inhibitory effect with reduction in anti-mBSA IgG, inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-17), and increased frequencies of CD4+Foxp3+ as well as CD4+LAP+ Treg (Figure 5) indicating the Hsp65-lac has suppressive effects in arthritis development regardless of their mechanism of inflammation or disease duration.