APOB and hypertensive disorder: In both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, self-reported VMS have been associated with a more adverse CVD risk factor profile, including high blood pressure and hypertension risk, higher lipids (total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, ApoB), a more insulin resistant profile, diabetes risk, and in some studies, a more pro-inflammatory or pro-coagulant profile (55).