To our knowledge, fecal calprotectin has been poorly studied in HIV+ subjects, a previous research by Pastor, L. et al. showed that IBD biomarkers (calprotectin, lactoferrin, sIgA, Zonulin-1) could not be used to measure gut inflammation in HIV patients; however, in this study other biomarkers such as proinflammatory cytokines levels, sCD14 levels, LPS, I-FABP were not measured [3]. Here, LTF is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.