PKM and neoplasm: PKM2 and LDHA were transcriptionally induced along with the Warburg effect by activation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling, and this was shown by monitoring the effects of a Wnt ligand or genetic modulations of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling as well as by showing the role of β-catenin/Tcf4 on the promoter of PKM2. The pathological significance of the aberrantly activated Wnt/β-catenin signalling on the Warburg effect was indicated by a positive correlation between PKM2/LDHA and β-catenin expressions in the tumour tissues of Apcmin/+ mice and CRC patients harbouring APC mutations as high as 90%.13