Recently, anti-tumor immunotherapies aiming to activate the cellular immunity of T cells using anti-PD-1/PD-L1 or CTLA-4 antibodies have attracted attention thanks to their highly effective and long-lasting clinical outcomes;1 thus, in-depth investigations of the molecular mechanisms of T cell immunity have been carried out to expand our understanding of anti-tumor T cell immunity. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is neoplasm.