Moreover, in a data set of gene expression from RNA sequencing of three primary unstimulated RA FLS samples, we found that the receptors of IL-4 (IL-4Rα) and IL-13 (IL-13Rα1 and IL-13Rα2), IL-17A (IL-17RA), TNF (TNFRSF1A and TNFRSF1B) and IFNγ (IFNGR1) were expressed by FLS, which was confirmed by qPCR (Supplementary Figure 4C). Here, TNF is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.