In preclinical models, blockade of TGF-β signaling by a type I receptor inhibitor [357], or by administration of a small peptide with a sequence derived from the latent form of TGF-β, which blocked TSP1–TGF-β binding (and thus TGF-β activation), reduced tumor burden, decreased bone resorption, and stimulated bone formation [358]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to neoplasm.