Our study provides evidence, for the first time, that the dual inhibition of NPM-ALK and RAF1 (using pharmacological (vemurafenib) or molecular approaches (siRNA or miRNA (miR-7-5p mimics) targeting RAF1)) may be superior to single NPM-ALK targeted therapies (crizotinib) in killing tumor cells. This evidence concerns the gene NPM1 and neoplasm.