Moreover, Nrf2 activation by 3H-1,2 dithiole-3-thione (D3T) reduced generation of ethanol-induced ROS and apoptosis [4], and the protective effect of Nrf2 was observed in both in vivo and in vitro models; for instance, sulforaphane administration improved alcohol-induced liver steatosis [9]. The gene discussed is NFE2L2; the disease is alcohol dependence.