We recently reported that during chronic, untreated HIV-1 infection, IFN-I inducible antiretroviral genes APOBEC3G, BST2 and MX2, as well as IFNβ, but not IFNα, were expressed to significantly higher levels when compared to HIV-1 uninfected individuals [38]. The gene discussed is IFNA2; the disease is HIV-1 infection.