Ahasan et al. (2012) reported that IL-1β caused upregulation of 11β-HSD1 as an anti-inflammatory response in mesenchymal stromal cells. Similarly, Hardy et al. (2008, 2016) demonstrated upregulation of 11β-HSD1 mRNA expression in acute inflammation in skeletal muscle and in the context of inflamed synovial tissue with patients with rheumatoid arthritis (Hardy et al., 2008). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.