PDCD1 and urogenital neoplasm: Recently, a number of clinical studies have been reported in non-urogenital cancers, including T-Vec combined with ipilimumab (ant-CTLA-4 antibody)10, Cavatak (oncolytic coxsackievirus) or Reolysin (oncolytic reovirus) combined with pembrolizumab (anti-PD-1 antibody) and other combinations15.