For example, TNFα, a critical driver of IEC shedding in colitis, induces superoxide generation via NOX2, NOX1 and the mitochondria, which will trigger, depending on the context, apoptosis, necroptosis, survival and further upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNFα and IL-6 [37]. This evidence concerns the gene NOX1 and colitis.