The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has issued several recommendations that discuss the possible benefits and harms of screening for prostate cancer using prostate-specific antigen (PSA).††† In 2012, USPSTF concluded that the benefits of PSA-based screening do not outweigh the harms and recommended against PSA-based screening for prostate cancer for men of all ages. This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and prostate cancer.