We hypothesize that Dact3 upregulation inhibits the AP-1 transcription factor, which in turn leads to a global downregulation of genes encoding for pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-2, IL-6, and IL-8.38 Additionally, the ability of F. prausnitzii SN to modulate other genes involved in cancer pathways (as revealed in the transcriptomic analysis) represents a novel potential beneficial effect of this commensal anti-inflammatory bacterium, which is currently being investigated by our laboratory. This evidence concerns the gene IL2 and cancer.